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有没有办法在PHP中实现多线程呢?假设你正在写一个基于多台服务器的PHP应用,理想的情况时同时向多台服务器发送请求,而不是一台接一台。可以实现吗?当有人想要实现并发功能时,他们通常会想到用fork或者spawn threads,但是当他们发现PHP不支持多线程的时候,大概会转换思路去用一些不够好的语言,比如Perl。
假设你要建立一个服务来检查正在运行的n台服务器,以确定他们还在正常运转。你可能会写下面这样的代码:
$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com"); $timeout = 15; $status = array(); foreach ($hosts as $host) { $errno = 0; $errstr = ""; $s = fsockopen($host, 80, $errno, $errstr, $timeout); if ($s) { $status[$host] = "Connectedn"; fwrite($s, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: $hostrnrn"); do { $data = fread($s, 8192); if (strlen($data) == 0) { break; } $status[$host] .= $data; } while (true); fclose($s); } else { $status[$host] = "Connection failed: $errno $errstrn"; } } print_r($status); "htmlcode">$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com"); $timeout = 15; $status = array(); $sockets = array(); /* Initiate connections to all the hosts simultaneously */ foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) { $s = stream_socket_client("$host:80", $errno, $errstr, $timeout, STREAM_CLIENT_ASYNC_CONNECT|STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT); if ($s) { $sockets[$id] = $s; $status[$id] = "in progress"; } else { $status[$id] = "failed, $errno $errstr"; } } /* Now, wait for the results to come back in */ while (count($sockets)) { $read = $write = $sockets; /* This is the magic function - explained below */ $n = stream_select($read, $write, $e = null, $timeout); if ($n > 0) { /* readable sockets either have data for us, or are failed * connection attempts */ foreach ($read as $r) { $id = array_search($r, $sockets); $data = fread($r, 8192); if (strlen($data) == 0) { if ($status[$id] == "in progress") { $status[$id] = "failed to connect"; } fclose($r); unset($sockets[$id]); } else { $status[$id] .= $data; } } /* writeable sockets can accept an HTTP request */ foreach ($write as $w) { $id = array_search($w, $sockets); fwrite($w, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: " . $hosts[$id] . "rnrn"); $status[$id] = "waiting for response"; } } else { /* timed out waiting; assume that all hosts associated * with $sockets are faulty */ foreach ($sockets as $id => $s) { $status[$id] = "timed out " . $status[$id]; } break; } } foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) { echo "Host: $hostn"; echo "Status: " . $status[$id] . "nn"; } "htmlcode">// This value is correct for Linux, other systems have other values define('EINPROGRESS', 115); function non_blocking_connect($host, $port, &$errno, &$errstr, $timeout) { $ip = gethostbyname($host); $s = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (socket_set_nonblock($s)) { $r = @socket_connect($s, $ip, $port); if ($r || socket_last_error() == EINPROGRESS) { $errno = EINPROGRESS; return $s; } } $errno = socket_last_error($s); $errstr = socket_strerror($errno); socket_close($s); return false; } ?>现在用socket_select()替换掉stream_select(),用socket_read()替换掉fread(),用socket_write()替换掉fwrite(),用socket_close()替换掉fclose()就可以执行脚本了!
PHP5的先进之处在于,你可以用stream_select()处理几乎所有的stream。例如你可以通过include STDIN用它接收键盘输入并保存进数组,你还可以接收通过proc_open()打开的管道中的数据。希望通过这篇文章,大家可以巧妙解决PHP无法实现多线程的问题。
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