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写爬虫是一项复杂、枯噪、反复的工作,考虑的问题包括采集效率、链路异常处理、数据质量(与站点编码规范关系很大)等。整理自己写一个爬虫程序,单台服务器可以启用1~8个实例同时采集,然后将数据入库。
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- #!/usr/local/bin/python import sys, time, os,string import mechanize import urlparse from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup import re import MySQLdb import logging import cgi from optparse import OptionParser #----------------------------------------------------------------------------# # Name: TySpider.py # # Purpose: WebSite Spider Module # # Author: 刘天斯 # # Email: liutiansi@gamil.com # # Created: 2010/02/16 # # Copyright: (c) 2010 # #----------------------------------------------------------------------------# """ |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 定义 loging class; |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 功能:记录系统相关日志信息。 | | """ class Pubclilog(): def __init__(self): self.logfile = 'website_log.txt' def iniLog(self): logger = logging.getLogger() filehandler = logging.FileHandler(self.logfile) streamhandler = logging.StreamHandler() fmt = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s, %(funcName)s, %(message)s') logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) logger.addHandler(filehandler) logger.addHandler(streamhandler) return [logger,filehandler] """ |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 定义 tySpider class; |-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 功能:抓取分类、标题等信息 | | """ class BaseTySpider: #初始化相关成员方法 def __init__(self,X,log_switch): #数据库连接 self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(db='dbname',host='192.168.0.10', user='dbuser',passwd='SDFlkj934y5jsdgfjh435',charset='utf8') #分类及标题页面Community self.CLASS_URL = 'http://test.abc.com/aa/CommTopicsPage"" #self.bodySoup对象 self.soup=None #发表回复页下载内容变量 self.Contentbody="" #发表回复页内容self.ContentbodySoup对象 self.Contentsoup=None #日志开关 self.log_switch=log_switch #======================获取名称及分类方法========================== def _SpiderClass(self,nextpage=None): if nextpage==None: FIXED_QUERY = 'cmm='+str(self.X) else: FIXED_QUERY = nextpage[1:] try: rd = mechanize.Browser() rd.addheaders = [("User-agent", "Tianya/2010 (compatible; MSIE 6.0;Windows NT 5.1)")] rd.open(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY) self.body=rd.response().read() #rd=mechanize.Request(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY) #response = mechanize.urlopen(rd) #self.body=response.read() except Exception,e: if self.log_switch=="on": logapp=Pubclilog() logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog() logger.info(self.CLASS_URL + FIXED_QUERY+str(e)) hdlr.flush() logger.removeHandler(hdlr) return self.soup = BeautifulSoup(self.body) NextPageObj= self.soup("a", {'class' : re.compile("fs-paging-item fs-paging-next")}) self.cursor = self.conn.cursor() if nextpage==None: try: Ttag=str(self.soup.table) #print Ttag """ ------------------分析结构体----------------- <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td> <h1 title="Dunhill">Dunhill</h1> </td> <td valign="middle"> <div class="fs-comm-cat"> <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-cat"> </span> <a href="TopByCategoryPage">中国</a> » <a href="TopByCategoryPage">人民</a> </div> </td> </tr> </table> """ soupTable=BeautifulSoup(Ttag) #定位到第一个h1标签 tableh1 = soupTable("h1") #print self.X #print "Name:"+tableh1[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8') #处理无类型的 try: #定位到表格中符合规则“^TopByCategory”A链接块,tablea[0]为第一个符合条件的连接文字,tablea[1]... tablea = soupTable("a", {'href' : re.compile("^TopByCategory")}) if tablea[0].string.strip()=="": pass #print "BigCLass:"+tablea[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8') #print "SubClass:"+tablea[1].string.strip().encode('utf-8') except Exception,e: if self.log_switch=="on": logapp=Pubclilog() logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog() logger.info("[noClassInfo]"+str(self.X)+str(e)) hdlr.flush() logger.removeHandler(hdlr) self.cursor.execute("insert into baname"+str(self.mod)+" values('%d','%d','%s')" %(self.X,-1,tableh1[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8'))) self.conn.commit() self._SpiderTitle() if NextPageObj: NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0]['href'] self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL) return else: return #获取链接二对象的href值 classlink=tablea[1]['href'] par_dict=cgi.parse_qs(urlparse.urlparse(classlink).query) #print "CID:"+par_dict["cid"][0] #print "SubCID:"+par_dict["subcid"][0] #print "---------------------------------------" #插入数据库 self.cursor.execute("insert into class values('%d','%s')" %(int(par_dict["cid"][0]),tablea[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8'))) self.cursor.execute("insert into subclass values('%d','%d','%s')" %(int(par_dict["subcid"][0]),int(par_dict["cid"][0]),tablea[1].string.strip().encode('utf-8'))) self.cursor.execute("insert into baname"+str(self.mod)+" values('%d','%d','%s')" %(self.X,int(par_dict["subcid"][0]),tableh1[0].string.strip().encode('utf-8'))) self.conn.commit() self._SpiderTitle() if NextPageObj: NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0]['href'] self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL) self.body=None self.soup=None Ttag=None soupTable=None table=None table1=None classlink=None par_dict=None except Exception,e: if self.log_switch=="on": logapp=Pubclilog() logger,hdlr = logapp.iniLog() logger.info("[ClassInfo]"+str(self.X)+str(e)) hdlr.flush() logger.removeHandler(hdlr) else: self._SpiderTitle() if NextPageObj: NextPageURL=NextPageObj[0]['href'] self._SpiderClass(NextPageURL) #====================获取标题方法========================= def _SpiderTitle(self): #查找标题表格对象(table) soupTitleTable=self.soup("table", {'class' : "fs-topic-list"}) #查找标题行对象(tr) TitleTr = soupTitleTable[0]("tr", {'onmouseover' : re.compile("^this\.className='fs-row-hover'")}) """ -----------分析结构体-------------- <tr class="fs-alt-row" onmouseover="this.className='fs-row-hover'" onmouseout="this.className='fs-alt-row'"> <td valign="middle" class="fs-hot-topic-dots-ctn"> <div class="fs-hot-topic-dots" style="background-position:0 -0px" title="点击量:12"></div> </td> <td valign="middle" class="fs-topic-name"> <a href="CommMsgsPage" id="a53" title="【新人报到】欢迎美国人民加入" target="_blank">【新人报到】欢迎美国人民加入</a> <span class="fs-meta"> <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-mini-reply"> </span>0 / <span class="fs-icons fs-icon-pageview"> </span>12</span> </td> <td valign="middle"> <a class="fs-tiny-user-avatar umhook " href="ProfilePage" title="中国人"><img src="/UploadFiles/2021-04-08/s.jpg">
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