nginx配置https加密访问的详细教程

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环境：

1台 CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
关闭防火墙和selinux

开始部署：

1、安装nginx

@1.1 依赖安装

yum -y install wget gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel openssl-devel

@1.2 nginx软件包下载

 wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.0.tar.gz

@1.3 解压、编译、安装

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.19.0.tar.gz 
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.19.0
[root@localhost nginx-1.19.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module && make && make install

@1.4 切换到 nginx 目录、做个软链接

[root@localhost nginx-1.19.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@localhost nginx]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/nginx

2、配置私钥和证书

@2.1 创建私钥

[root@localhost nginx]# mkdir sslkey
[root@localhost nginx]# cd sslkey/
[root@localhost sslkey]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024

@2.2 生成证书文件

[root@localhost sslkey]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr

[root@localhost sslkey]# openssl req -x509 -days 3650 -key server.key -in server.csr > server.crt

-days参数指明证书有效期，单位为天
x509表示生成的为X.509证书
以上签署证书仅仅做测试用，真正运行的时候，应该将CSR发送到一个CA返回真正的证书

用openssl x509 -noout -text -in server.crt 可以查看证书的内容。证书实际上包含了Public Key
@2.3 生成无密的私钥

[root@localhost sslkey]# openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key.unsecure

查看生成证书与私钥文件

3、nginx配置https

@3.1 修改配置nginx.conf，将监听端口80替换成443，配置ssl认证

[root@localhost conf]# pwd
/usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf

server {
  listen  443;
  server_name localhost;
  ssl_certificate   /usr/local/nginx/sslkey/server.crt;
  ssl_certificate_key  /usr/local/nginx/sslkey/server.key.unsecure;
  ssl_protocols   TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
  ssl_ciphers  ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

@3.2 启动 nginx 并查看端口

[root@localhost conf]# nginx
[root@localhost conf]# ss -nltp|grep 443
LISTEN  0  128   *:443      *:*     users:(("nginx",pid=25949,fd=6),("nginx",pid=25948,fd=6))

4 浏览器访问即可！