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简介
Binlog日志，即二进制日志文件，用于记录用户对数据库操作的SQL语句信息，当发生数据误删除的时候我们可以通过binlog日志来还原已经删除的数据，还原数据的方法分为传统二进制文件还原数据和基于GTID的二进制文件还原数据
前期准备
准备一台Centos7虚拟机，关闭防火墙和selinux，配置IP地址,同步系统时间,安装MySQL数据库
传统二进制日志还原数据
修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf server-id=1 log-bin=binlog #重启数据库服务 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
操作数据库
mysql> create database mydb charset utf8mb4; mysql> use mydb; mysql> create table test(id int)engine=innodb charset=utf8mb4; mysql> insert into test values(1); mysql> insert into test values(2); mysql> insert into test values(3); mysql> insert into test values(4); mysql> commit; mysql> update test set id=10 where id=4; mysql> commit; mysql> select * from test; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 10 | +------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> drop database mydb;
查看二进制日志信息
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: binlog.000001
Position: 1960
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#查找创库和删库的点,为219和1868
mysql> show binlog events in 'binlog.000001';
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| binlog.000001 | 219 | Query | 1 | 329 | create database mydb charset utf8mb4 |
| binlog.000001 | 1868 | Query | 1 | 1960 | drop database mydb |
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
另存为二进制日志信息
[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=219 --stop-position=1868 /var/lib/mysql/binlog.000001 > /tmp/binlog.sql
恢复数据
#临时关闭二进制日志记录以免重复记录 mysql> set sql_log_bin=0; #恢复数据 mysql> source /tmp/binlog.sql #重启二进制日志记录 mysql> set sql_log_bin=1;
查看数据恢复情况
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mydb | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use mydb; Database changed mysql> select * from test; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 10 | +------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)、
基于GTID二进制日志还原数据
修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf server-id=1 log-bin=binlog gtid_mode=ON enforce_gtid_consistency=true log_slave_updates=1 #重启数据库服务 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
操作数据库
mysql> create database mydb1; mysql> use mydb1; Database changed mysql> create table t1(id int)engine=innodb charset=utf8mb4; mysql> insert into t1 values(1); mysql> insert into t1 values(2); mysql> insert into t1 values(3); mysql> insert into t1 values(11); mysql> insert into t1 values(12); mysql> commit; mysql> select * from t1; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 11 | | 12 | +------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> drop database mydb1;
查看二进制日志信息
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: binlog.000003
Position: 1944
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set: 51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1-8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show binlog events in 'binlog.000003';
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| binlog.000003 | 154 | Gtid | 1 | 219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1' |
| binlog.000003 | 219 | Query | 1 | 316 | create database mydb1 |
| binlog.000003 | 1784 | Gtid | 1 | 1849 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:8' |
| binlog.000003 | 1849 | Query | 1 | 1944 | drop database mydb1 |
+---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
另存为二进制日志信息
#8号事务记录为删除数据库，因此只需恢复1-7号事务记录即可 [root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --skip-gtids --include-gtids='51d3db57-bf69-11ea-976c-000c2911a022:1-7' /var/lib/mysql/binlog.000003 > /tmp/gtid.sql
参数说明:
--include-gtids:包含事务
--exclude-gtids:排除事务
--skip-gtids:跳过事务
恢复数据
mysql> set sql_log_bin=0; mysql> source /tmp/gtid.sql mysql> set sql_log_bin=1;
查看数据恢复情况
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mydb | | mydb1 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use mydb1; Database changed mysql> select * from t1; +------+ | id | +------+ | 1 | | 2 | | 3 | | 11 | | 12 | +------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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