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JavaScript实现简单计算器
站长资源 2024/11/6 佚名
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适合初学者参考的简易计算器，里面没有太多的难以理解的方法，使用的是最基础的JS语法解决式子的运算问题，同时处理了式子中的运算优先级。

实现思路

1、通过绑定点击事件实现待计算式子的输入
2、遍历原式子，读取式子中乘除运算符的位置
3、优先处理乘除取余运算
4、处理加减运算
5、返回结果

代码：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
 <!-- 计算器 -->
 <style>
    .work2{
      width: 500px;
      margin-top: 50px;
    }
    h2{
      color: #333;
    }
    #work2Article1{
      width: 100%;
      height: 200px;
      background: #cccccc;
      font-size: 20px;
    }
    #work2Article2{
      width: 100%;
      height: 400px;
      background: #cccccc;
    }
    #work2Article2 button{
      width: 24.1%;
      height: 20%;
      color: #333;
      background: #999;
    }
    .work2 button{
      font-size: 20px;
    }
    
  </style>
  <section class="work2">
    <h2>计算器</h2>
    <article id="work2Article1">
  
    </article>
    <article id="work2Article2">
      <button id="work2BtnCle">AC</button>
      <button id="work2BtnDel">×</button>
      <button id="work2BtnRem">%</button>
      <button id="work2BtnDiv">/</button>
      <button id="work2Btn7">7</button>
      <button id="work2Btn8">8</button>
      <button id="work2Btn9">9</button>
      <button id="work2BtnMul">*</button>
      <button id="work2Btn4">4</button>
      <button id="work2Btn5">5</button>
      <button id="work2Btn6">6</button>
      <button id="work2BtnSub">-</button>
      <button id="work2Btn1">1</button>
      <button id="work2Btn2">2</button>
      <button id="work2Btn3">3</button>
      <button id="work2BtnAdd">+</button>
      <button id="work2BtnNull">未开发</button>
      <button id="work2Btn0">0</button>
      <button id="work2BtnPoi">.</button>
      <button id="work2BtnEqu">=</button>
    </article>
  </section>
    
  <script>
    
    var num = "0";         //输入的原式
    var res = 0 ;          //结果

    var work2Article1 = document.getElementById('work2Article1');

    var work2BtnCle = document.getElementById('work2BtnCle');
    var work2BtnDiv = document.getElementById('work2BtnDiv');
    var work2BtnDel = document.getElementById('work2BtnDel');
    var work2BtnRem = document.getElementById('work2BtnRem');
    var work2BtnMul = document.getElementById('work2BtnMul');
    var work2BtnSub = document.getElementById('work2BtnSub');
    var work2BtnAdd = document.getElementById('work2BtnAdd');
    var work2BtnNull = document.getElementById('work2BtnNull');
    var work2BtnPoi = document.getElementById('work2BtnPoi');
    var work2BtnEqu = document.getElementById('work2BtnEqu');
    
    var work2Btn1 = document.getElementById('work2Btn1');
    var work2Btn2 = document.getElementById('work2Btn2');
    var work2Btn3 = document.getElementById('work2Btn3');
    var work2Btn4 = document.getElementById('work2Btn4');
    var work2Btn5 = document.getElementById('work2Btn5');
    var work2Btn6 = document.getElementById('work2Btn6');
    var work2Btn7 = document.getElementById('work2Btn7');
    var work2Btn8 = document.getElementById('work2Btn8');
    var work2Btn9 = document.getElementById('work2Btn9');
    var work2Btn0 = document.getElementById('work2Btn0');
    
    // 初始化
    work2BtnCle.onclick = function () {
      num = "0" ;
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
   
    work2BtnDel.onclick = function () {
      // 判断原式长度，长度为1时变为0
      if(num.length==1){
        num = '0' ;
        work2Article1.innerText=num;
        // 否则减去最后一位
      }else{
        num = num.substring(0,num.length-1);
        work2Article1.innerText=num;
      }
    }
    // 运算符点击事件
    work2BtnDiv.onclick = function () {
      num += "/" 
      work2Article1.innerText=num;
    }
    work2BtnRem.onclick = function () {
      num += "%" ; 
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2BtnMul.onclick = function () {
      num += "*" ; 
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2BtnAdd.onclick = function () {
      num += "+" ; 
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2BtnNull.onclick = function () {
      alert('下次一定开发出来');
    }
    work2BtnPoi.onclick = function () {
      num += "." ; 
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2BtnSub.onclick = function () {
      num += "-" ; 
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
   
    // 数字点击事件
    work2Btn1.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "1";
      }else{
        num += "1" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn2.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "2";
      }else{
        num += "2" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn3.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "3";
      }else{
        num += "3" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn4.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "4";
      }else{
        num += "4" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn5.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "5";
      }else{
        num += "5" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn6.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "6";
      }else{
        num += "6" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn7.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "7";
      }else{
        num += "7" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn8.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "8";
      }else{
        num += "8" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn9.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "9";
      }else{
        num += "9" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
    work2Btn0.onclick =function(){
      if( num == "0" ){
        num = "0";
      }else{
        num += "0" ;
      }
      work2Article1.innerText=`${num}`;
    }
  
  
    work2BtnEqu.onclick = function () {
      // num = Number(num);


      //检测运算符号的位置 
      function obtainSymbol(){
        var num1 = [];
        var o = 0 ;
        for(var i = 0 ; i<=num.length ; i++){
          if(num.charAt(i)=='+'){
            num1[o] = i ;
            o++;
          }else if(num.charAt(i)=='-'){
            num1[o] = i ;
            o++;
          }else if(num.charAt(i)=='*'){
            num1[o] = i ;
            o++;
          }else if(num.charAt(i)=='/'){
            num1[o] = i ;
            o++;
          }else if(num.charAt(i)=='%'){
            num1[o] = i ;
            o++;
          }
        }
        return num1 ;
      }

      var res1 = 0 ;     //计算结果
      var numStar = num ;  //重新获取原式子
      // 检测乘除取余运算
      var num1 = obtainSymbol();
      console.log(num1);

      // 检测除了第一个符号之外的乘除取余运算
      for( var w = 0 ; w <= num1.length ; w++ ){
        if(w != 0){
          if( num.charAt(num1[w]) == '*' || num.charAt(num1[w]) == '/' || num.charAt(num1[w]) == '%' ){
            if(w != num1.length-1){
              switch(num.charAt(num1[w])){
              case '*': var l =Number(num.substring(num1[w-1],num1[w]))*Number(num.substring(num1[w]+1,num1[w+1])) ;
                  console.log(l);
                  num = num.substring(0,num1[w-1]+1) + l + num.substring(num1[w+1]) ; 
                  break;
              case '/': var l =Number(num.substring(num1[w-1],num1[w]))*Number(num.substring(num1[w]+1,num1[w+1])) ;
                  num = num.substring(0,num1[w-1]+1) + l + num.substring(num1[w+1]) ; break;
              case '%': var l =Number(num.substring(num1[w-1],num1[w]))*Number(num.substring(num1[w]+1,num1[w+1])) ;
                  num = num.substring(0,num1[w-1]+1) + l + num.substring(num1[w+1]) ; break;
              }
            }else if(w == num1.length-1 ){
              switch(num.charAt(num1[w])){
              case '*': var l =Number(num.substring(num1[w-1]+1,num1[w])) * Number(num.substring(num1[w]+1)) ;
                  num = num.substring(0,num1[w-1]+1) + l ;
                  break;
              case '/': var l =Number(num.substring(num1[w-1]+1,num1[w])) / Number(num.substring(num1[w]+1)) ;
                  num = num.substring(0,num1[w-1]+1) + l ; break;
              case '%': var l =Number(num.substring(num1[w-1]+1,num1[w])) % Number(num.substring(num1[w]+1)) ;
                  num = num.substring(0,num1[w-1]+1) + l; break;
              }
            }
          num1 = 0 ;
          num1 = obtainSymbol();
          w -= 1;
          }
        }
      }
      
      // 从第一位运算符开始运算
      for(var k = 0 ; k < num1.length ; k++){
        if(k==0){        
          switch(num.charAt(num1[k])){
            case '+': res1 += Number(num.substring(0,num1[k])) + Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])) ; break;
            case '-': res1 += Number(num.substring(0,num1[k])) - Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])) ; break;
            case '*': res1 += Number(num.substring(0,num1[k])) * Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])) ; break;
            case '/': res1 += Number(num.substring(0,num1[k])) / Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])) ; break;
            case '%': res1 += Number(num.substring(0,num1[k])) % Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])) ; break; 
          }
        }else{
          switch(num.charAt(num1[k])){
            case '+': 
              if(k==num1.length-1){
              res1 += Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1)) ;
            
              }else{
                res1 += Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])); 
              }break;
            case '-': 
              if(k==num1.length-1){
              res1 -= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1)) ;
              }else{
                res1 -= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])); 
              }break;
            case '*': 
              if(k==num1.length-1){
              res1 *= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1)) ;
              }else{
                res1 *= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])); 
              }break;
            case '/': 
              if(k==num1.length-1){
              res1 /= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1)) ;
              }else{
                res1 /= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])); 
              }break;
            case '%': 
              if(k==num1.length-1){
              res1 %= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1)) ;
              }else{
                res1 %= Number(num.substring(num1[k]+1,num1[k+1])); 
              }break;
          }
          
        } 
      }
  
      work2Article1.innerText=`${numStar}=${res1}`;
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。

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js,计算器
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